Epidemiological studies

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COVID-19 and animals

Epidemiological studies

Published 20 April 2020 | Updated 17 February 2023

There have now been a number of prevalence studies published, and reported in the news, providing details of levels of infection with SARS-CoV-2 in companion animals. In interpreting and comparing the results of these studies is important to be clear about what population of animals is being sampled, general population or those owned by people with confirmed COVID-19 infection and which tests are being carried out (antigen or antibody).

On 20th March, IDEXX Laboratories reported1 that they had tested thousands of canine and feline specimens during validation of a new veterinary test system for the COVID-19. The samples originated from the United States and South Korea, and IDEXX has now expanded monitoring to Canada and European countries and has seen no positive results in pets to date.

Although they state that sampling included areas with high rates of COVID-19 in the human population, details of the sampling strategy and timing were not given.

Reference

1. IDEXX (2020) IDEXX SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RealPCR Test [online] Available at: https://www.idexx.com/en/about-idexx/covid-19-resources/#results [Accessed 20 April 2020]

Cats and dogs
  • Meisner, J. et al. (2023) Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from humans to pets, Washington and Idaho, USA. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 28 (12), pp. 2425-2434.  https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2812.220215
  • Liew, A.Y. et al. (2023) Clinical and epidemiologic features of SARS-CoV-2 in dogs and cats compiled through national surveillance in the United States. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.08.0375
  • Shin, Y-K. et al. (2022) Whole genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in cats and dogs in South Korea in 2021. Veterinary Sciences, 10 (1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010006
  • Ferenandez-Bastit, L. et al. (2022) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and humoral responses against different variants of concern in domestic pet animals and stray cats from North‐Eastern Spain. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14714
  • Kannenkens-Jager, M.M. et al. (2022) SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in dogs and cats is associated with contact to COVID‐19‐positive household members. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14713
  • Kaczorek-Łukowska, E. et al. (2022) High Seroprevalence against SARS-CoV-2 among dogs and cats, Poland, 2021/2022. Animals, 12 (16), no. 2016. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12162016
  • Bienzle, D. et al. (2022) Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and illness in cats and dogs. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 28 (6), pp. 1154-1162. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2806.220423
  • de Souza Barbosa, A.B. et al (2022) Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic dogs associated with owner viral load. Research in Veterinary Science, 153, pp. 61-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.10.006

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Ferrets/Minks

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Bats


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Deer

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Wildlife
  • Colombo, V.C. et al. (2022) SARS‐CoV‐2 surveillance in Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Antwerp sewer system, Belgium. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 69 (5), pp. 3016-3021. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14219.

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